Investigation on the Real Parameters of Undoped, Bismuth-doped, and Bi-Graphene-Co-Doped CuO-ZnO Mixed Oxide Thin Films for Environmental Applications- Moez Hajji,
- Anis Akkari,
- Antonio Garcia Loureiro &
- Najoua Turki Kamoun
Abstract
With growing environmental concerns, the development of advanced materials for pollution control has become a critical challenge. In this context, undoped, bismuth-doped (Bi), and Bi-Graphene co-doped CuO-ZnO thin films have been successfully synthesized, providing valuable insights into the influence of doping on the structural, morphological, optical, catalytic, electrochemical and dielectric properties of the material. Among the compositions investigated, Bi-Graphene co-doped CuO-ZnO stands out as the most effective, exhibiting remarkable photocatalytic activity. This material achieves 77% degradation efficiency of Ampicillin, a critical antibiotic, within two hours, compared to 55% for the undoped and 60% for the doped samples under similar conditions. The photocatalytic performance and mechanism were systematically studied under varying conditions, including catalyst dosage, pH, and the presence of scavengers, allowing identification of key intermediates involved in the degradation process. This study highlights the crucial role of dopant selection and co-doping strategies in enhancing the photocatalytic performance of semiconductor materials, contributing to the development of innovative and efficient solutions for environmental pollution control.
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Theoretical study of reaction of urea with methylamine: nucleophilic addition pathway
